Development and preclinical evaluation of an Aceh kelulut honey-based hydrocolloid dressing for wound healing

Abstract

Honey has long been used in wound care because of its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, while hydrocolloid dressings provide a moist and protective environment that supports tissue repair. This study aimed to evaluate the macroscopic and microscopic effects of an Aceh kelulut honey–based hydrocolloid dressing on wound healing in mice. Twenty-seven healthy male mice (Mus musculus) were assigned to three groups: control treated with 0.9% NaCl, pure Aceh kelulut honey (KH), and Aceh kelulut honey–based hydrocolloid (KHHC). Two full-thickness excisional wounds, each 4 mm in diameter, were created on the dorsal skin of each mouse. Wound diameter was measured daily for 14 days. Histopathological evaluation was performed on days 3, 7, and 14 to assess neutrophil and macrophage counts, epithelialization ratio, myofibroblast ratio, and collagen fiber density. The KHHC group showed faster macroscopic wound closure than the KH and control groups. Significant differences were observed among groups in neutrophil count, macrophage count, epithelialization ratio, myofibroblast ratio, and collagen fiber density. KHHC reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, increased myofibroblast ratio, and enhanced collagen fiber density, suggesting accelerated wound contraction and tissue remodeling. However, epithelialization was lower in the KHHC group during the early healing phase. These findings indicate that Aceh kelulut honey–based hydrocolloid dressing may improve several key aspects of wound healing, particularly inflammation control, wound contraction, and collagen deposition. Further studies are required to optimize the formulation and clarify its effect on reepithelialization.